Thanksgiving Day Lesson Plan Ideas Across Subjects

People serving roasted turkey and traditional Thanksgiving side dishes during a holiday meal.
October 26, 2026

Sandwiched between Halloween and the winter holidays, Thanksgiving can get overlooked in lesson planning. But this holiday actually gives you plenty to work with. Whether your class is learning poetry skills, exploring the history behind familiar traditions, or investigating the science of food, it all ties back to a Thanksgiving theme.

Use these resources to build a Thanksgiving Day lesson plan for ELA, social studies, or STEM. The activities make room for different perspectives on the holiday and are versatile enough even if your students don’t celebrate (we see you, teachers with Chandler Bing students). 

[Thanksgiving ELA lessons with literature and poetry](id-ela)

Key Takeaways

  • Start poetry lessons with a visual. The Smithsonian cradleboard exhibition and a historical Thanksgiving menu give students something to examine before making inferences about the poems.
  • Compare historical perspectives. Have students identify each author's claims and supporting evidence as they examine different accounts of Thanksgiving.
  • Leave room for different traditions. Students can research foods connected to their own families or another culture without assuming everyone celebrates Thanksgiving.

Plan your Thanksgiving ELA lessons around the reading and writing skills you want students to practice, but with a holiday twist. Use poetry to analyze tone and figurative language, historical accounts to compare perspectives, and research activities to explore how food and family traditions connect to culture.

Explore Thanksgiving history and cultural perspectives through ELA texts

Thanksgiving history is more complex than the familiar story many students already know. Use this text set to help them explore how different authors describe the holiday, challenge common misconceptions, and represent different cultural perspectives. 

Ask students to compare information across multiple texts, identify supporting evidence, and discuss how the readings shape their understanding of Thanksgiving.

Newsela ELA

Thanksgiving Text Set resources

Browse the Thanksgiving Text Set by resource type to find readings for your lesson.

Fiction and poetry 5 resources

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Articles and perspectives 5 resources
Articles and perspectives resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
A Native American poet reimagines Thanksgiving Article 620L–1290L
Opinion: Thanksgiving’s ties to safety and comfort Article 580L–1230L ✓ Yes
What was on the menu at the first Thanksgiving? Article 480L–1170L
Time Machine (1899): When Thanksgiving was weird Article 450L–1190L ✓ Yes
StoryCorps turning Thanksgiving into an oral history holiday Article 400L–1250L ✓ Yes

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Explainers and historical sources 6 resources
Explainers and historical sources resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
The first Thanksgiving Explainer 430L–1170L
They Sailed on the Mayflower and Struggled to Build a Home: the Pilgrims Explainer 430L–1350L ✓ Yes
Myths about the Mayflower Fact Sheet 490L–1180L
Primary Sources: Lincoln Declares Thanksgiving a National Holiday Proclamation 540L–1350L
Why we have globalization to thank for Thanksgiving Explainer 600L–1380L
Passeth ye cranb’rry sauce! The medieval origins of Thanksgiving Explainer 620L–1240L

On smaller screens, scroll sideways to view the full table.

How can students analyze “America, I Sing Back” by Allison Adelle Hedge Coke?

Students can analyze this poem by examining how imagery and figurative language reveal the speaker’s tone and the poet’s purpose. Ask them to identify specific words or lines that support their interpretation rather than relying on a general impression of the poem. 

Poetry lesson: “America, I Sing Back”

Use this Newsela poetry lesson to examine how figurative language, imagery, and tone contribute to an author's purpose.

Lesson goal Analyze figurative language and imagery to infer the poem's tone, meaning, and author's purpose.
Before reading

Introduce Allison Adelle Hedge Coke as an Indigenous poet, writer, and educator. Have students examine the Smithsonian cradleboard exhibition, closely read its captions, zoom in on the images, and record their observations.

During reading
  • Read the poem and highlight examples of figurative language.
  • Use a second color to mark words or phrases that raise questions.
  • Write an initial interpretation of the author's purpose using details from the poem.
Small-group discussion

Ask students to consider both the poem and the exhibition. Have them record an answer in their notebooks before discussing this question with their group:

  • What do you think the speaker's relationship is to the “her” in the poem, and why?
Whole-class discussion

Have students skim the PBS NewsHour article for additional context about the poem. Then discuss:

  • What is the tone in the poem? Why?
  • What does the speaker want? Why?
  • Why did the author write the poem?

How can students infer tone in Emily Dickinson’s “One day is there of the series”?

Start this activity with a Thanksgiving menu from 1898 and use it to introduce how details can shape our impressions of a holiday. Then have students read Emily Dickinson’s poem and infer the speaker’s feelings, citing specific words and structural choices that support their interpretation.

The key distinction is between what students personally associate with Thanksgiving and what the poem actually suggests. Initial impressions can start the discussion, but textual evidence should guide conclusions.

Poetry lesson: “One day is there of the series”

Analyze a historical Thanksgiving menu and Emily Dickinson's poem to practice making inferences supported by evidence. Adapted by Newsela from Poets.org's Teach This Poem series.

Lesson goal Analyze the poem to infer how the speaker feels, using evidence from the text to support interpretations.
Resources
Warm-up

Invite students to share three words they associate with Thanksgiving. Students who don't celebrate Thanksgiving can choose another annual family holiday. Allow students to pass and share later if they prefer.

Analyze a historical image

Show students the Thanksgiving menu from 1898. Ask them to record details they notice and compare observations with a partner. Then discuss:

  • How does the person who created this menu want us to feel about Thanksgiving Day?
  • Which details support your inference?
Read and discuss the poem

Have students read the poem silently, noting words, phrases, and structural features that stand out. Ask them to record unfamiliar words and questions before comparing their observations with a partner.

Partners can work together to answer questions that came up during their first reading.

Whole-class discussion

Use these questions to guide an evidence-based interpretation:

  • How do you think the speaker feels about Thanksgiving Day?
  • What details in the poem support your inference about the speaker's feelings?
  • What questions remain after your small-group discussion?
Extension

Have students read Newsela's Emily Dickinson biography. Then use the Connect, Extend, Challenge worksheet to reflect on how the biography connects to or changes their understanding of the poet and her work.

Differentiation

Provide the Image Analysis worksheet for students who need help organizing observations about the menu. The Connect, Extend, Challenge worksheet can also guide the extension.

Sentence starters

I noticed … which made me think …

When I read [line/image/word], I was reminded of…

The speaker feels… because…

How can students compare historical and modern Thanksgiving perspectives?

Students can compare Thanksgiving perspectives by examining the familiar story of the first Thanksgiving alongside historical accounts that offer different interpretations. Have them identify each author’s claims and supporting evidence, then consider how those accounts influence what people believe about the holiday today.

Revisit the story of the first Thanksgiving

Use claims, evidence, and visual sources to examine different accounts of the first Thanksgiving and consider how the holiday is represented today.

Lesson goal Identify an author's claim and supporting evidence, analyze how authors present historical perspectives, and summarize what a fuller account of the first Thanksgiving could include.
Before reading: Draw

Give students the Drawing with Writing worksheet. Ask them to illustrate what they imagine when they hear “The First Thanksgiving” and write one or two sentences explaining their drawing. Invite students to share if they wish.

Before reading: Analyze

Explore the Image Bank: Native American and Pilgrim relations and read the accompanying text aloud. Students choose one image and complete the Image Analysis worksheet.

  • Does the common depiction of the first Thanksgiving accurately represent what happened? Why or why not?
  • Whose perspectives and what other information would help us better understand the event?
During reading
  • Highlight the author's claim about the English settlers and Native Americans of New England in one color.
  • Highlight evidence supporting that claim in a second color.
  • Annotate questions, connections, and information still needed to understand the historical events.
After reading: Write

Use the annotations to complete the Main Idea & Details worksheet. Have students develop three questions they still have about the first Thanksgiving or interactions between the two groups.

Then write one or two paragraphs explaining how many Americans view the first Thanksgiving today and what could help schools teach a fuller, more accurate account.

Revisit and reflect

Give students another Drawing with Writing worksheet. Have them illustrate their updated understanding of the first Thanksgiving or another interaction between the groups. Display the before-and-after drawings and hold a gallery walk so students can see how their classmates' thinking developed.

Extensions

How can students research food and family traditions?

Students can explore the connection between food and culture by researching traditional dishes, the occasions they’re associated with, and why they matter to different communities. The focus is on understanding the stories and traditions behind popular foods, not just naming them.

Perfect for grades 5–8, this research project gives students a chance to become food bloggers. They can turn their research into a blog post that explains a dish’s cultural significance, supports their findings with evidence, and invites classmates to share what they’ve learned.

Research project: Become a food blogger

Suggested grades: 5–8. Students research the cultural significance of traditional foods and present their findings through writing or a presentation.

Lesson goal Research how traditional foods connect to culture, synthesize information from multiple sources, and communicate findings with supporting evidence.
Research resources
Launch the research

Divide students into small groups and give each group a poster with the word “culture” in the center. Have them brainstorm associations, then share their ideas with the class. Use responses about food to introduce these research questions:

  • Why is food important to different cultures?
  • How do foods bring people together?
  • How do cultures celebrate with food?
  • What foods are connected to holidays?
Read and annotate

Assign two or three texts from the collection or allow students to choose. As they read, have them use:

  • One highlight color to identify the food or recipe described.
  • A second color to identify how that food connects to the culture.

Ask students to gather notes about why the dish matters, not just its ingredients or preparation.

Plan the food blog

Explain that students will act as food bloggers who have researched a cultural food tradition. Review examples of blog posts, then provide the Blog Post Planner.

Students should explain the food, its cultural significance, and what they learned from their sources. Circulate while they plan, and review their completed planners before they draft the final posts.

Share and reflect

Have students publish their blog posts using a school-approved platform or complete the assignment on paper. Invite classmates to read and comment on one another's work. For offline projects, students can leave comments on sticky notes.

Finish with the Self-Reflection worksheet to gather students' reactions to the research process and project.

Other final formats
  • Research essay: Use the Research Essay Outline to organize the topic, research question, important findings, evidence from several properly cited sources, and reflection on the research process.
  • Research presentation: Summarize the main findings, include relevant images and cited evidence, and explain the researcher's analysis. Students can use Teach and Learn or a presentation tool.
  • Another format: Work with students to choose a different way to communicate their findings while maintaining the same research expectations.
Extensions
  • Family interview: Invite students to interview a family member about a food tradition and how the dish connects to their culture.
  • Present the blog: Have students share their posts in small groups or with the class to practice speaking and presentation skills.
  • Informational essay: Ask students to develop their research into a formal essay with an introduction and conclusion. Offer How to Write a 5-Paragraph Essay as a refresher when needed.

[Thanksgiving social studies lessons on history and traditions](id-ss)

Key Takeaways

  • Match the activity to your students. Younger students can explore holiday foods and traditions, while older students investigate historical accounts and different perspectives.
  • Check historical claims against evidence. Have students compare accounts of colonial life and identify the details that support or challenge familiar Thanksgiving narratives.
  • Include Indigenous history beyond the colonial period. Use the Native American cultures and stewardship collections to explore Indigenous communities, traditions, and relationships with the land.

Thanksgiving's history goes beyond the familiar story of the Pilgrims and the first feast. Use these social studies lessons to help students investigate colonial America, understand Indigenous perspectives, and explore how Thanksgiving traditions have changed over time.

How can elementary students investigate Thanksgiving history?

Elementary students can investigate Thanksgiving history by comparing what they already know about the holiday with details from a historical reading. Have them look for evidence about how the first Thanksgiving began, rather than relying on the familiar holiday story.

Elementary lesson: Investigate the first Thanksgiving

Use this Newsela elementary Thanksgiving lesson to introduce the history of the holiday through reading, discussion, and a class recipe magazine.

Lesson goal Explain how the first Thanksgiving began using details from a historical text, then explore how Thanksgiving traditions became popular over time.
Materials
Introduce: 3-2-1

Ask students to record three words, two questions, and one drawing or symbol that represents what they know or think about when they hear “Thanksgiving.” Invite them to share their responses with the class.

Explore: Read and highlight

Assign “The first Thanksgiving.” As students read, have them use one highlight color to mark details explaining why the first Thanksgiving gathering took place.

Demonstrate: Think-Pair-Share

Have students think independently about the question below, discuss their answers with a partner, and then share with the class:

  • How did the first Thanksgiving start?

Encourage students to use details from the article to explain their answers.

Create: Thanksgiving magazine

Introduce Sarah Josepha Hale, a writer who helped popularize Thanksgiving by sharing recipes in her magazine. Invite students to create their own class Thanksgiving magazine.

  • Research a recipe for a favorite Thanksgiving food.
  • Record the ingredients and instructions on the Write a Recipe graphic organizer.
  • Decorate the recipe page with drawings or pictures of the food.
  • Combine the completed pages into a class magazine that students can take home.

How have Thanksgiving celebrations changed over time?

Thanksgiving has changed from the 1621 harvest gathering into a holiday with traditions that developed over several centuries. Have students compare accounts of the Pilgrims and Wampanoag people, then investigate how holiday foods, celebrations, and national observances changed over time. 

Thanksgiving origins and traditions

Use the Newsela Thanksgiving origins and past celebrations lesson to compare historical accounts and investigate the traditions people associate with the holiday today.

Lesson goal Compare Pilgrim and Wampanoag perspectives, investigate the history of Thanksgiving traditions, and explain how accounts of the holiday could include more perspectives.
Materials
Before reading

Have students discuss these questions with a partner, then share with the class:

  • What does Thanksgiving celebrate?
  • How do you celebrate Thanksgiving?
Read and annotate

Assign the core article and one additional article of each student's choice.

  • Core article: Highlight details about the origins of Thanksgiving from the Pilgrims' perspective in one color and from the Wampanoag people's perspective in another.
  • Choice article: Highlight details about Thanksgiving history or traditions. Add an annotation identifying the most important takeaway.
Historical accounts and observances 3 resources
Historical accounts and observances resources
Resource Level / Runtime Spanish?
Tribe helped Pilgrims survive for their first Thanksgiving; they still regret it years later Article 610L–1240L Yes
Primary Sources: Lincoln Declares Thanksgiving a National Holiday Proclamation 540L–1350L
Time Machine (1899): When Thanksgiving was weird Article 450L–1190L Yes

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Food and Thanksgiving traditions 5 resources
Food and Thanksgiving traditions resources
Resource Level / Runtime Spanish?
Why we have globalization to thank for Thanksgiving Explainer 600L–1380L
Passeth ye cranb’rry sauce! The medieval origins of Thanksgiving Explainer 620L–1240L
Thanksgiving dishes have deep, indigenous roots beyond the first feast Article 270L–1410L Yes
What was on the menu at the first Thanksgiving? Article 480L–1170L
The surprising origin of Thanksgiving foods Video 5:09

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Class discussion
  • What is Thanksgiving?
  • What are common Thanksgiving traditions?
  • How does the origin of Thanksgiving differ between the Wampanoag and Pilgrim perspectives?
  • What new, surprising, or interesting information did you learn about Thanksgiving history or past celebrations? What stood out, and why?
  • How did what you learned affect your understanding of the holiday?
Written response

What are some ways that the teaching of the origin of Thanksgiving could be improved so that all sides of the story are accurately considered and included? Cite at least one point from the text as evidence.

Thanksgiving food, traditions, and gratitude

For younger students, Thanksgiving foods provide a familiar starting point for exploring the holiday’s history. Use a read-aloud to introduce the Wampanoag people, their food traditions, and how they helped the Pilgrims. The gratitude angle gives students another way to connect with the lesson. Even if their families don’t celebrate Thanksgiving, they can draw or write about something they appreciate.

Thanksgiving foods and gratitude

Use the Newsela Thanksgiving lesson to explore the history of holiday foods and what it means to be thankful. Guiding question: How do people celebrate Thanksgiving?

Lesson goal Learn how Thanksgiving foods and traditions started and explain what it means to be thankful.
Materials
  • “Cooking Pilgrim-style” for the read-aloud
  • Board or poster paper for a class gratitude poster
  • Paper and drawing or writing supplies
  • Optional gratitude-themed word cards or picture dictionaries
Introduce: Thanksgiving and gratitude

Explain that Thanksgiving is a holiday in November when many U.S. families gather for a meal and give thanks. Ask:

  • What do you know about Thanksgiving?
  • How do you or people you know celebrate?

Write “Thankful” and “Grateful” on the board and explain their meaning. Ask students to name something they appreciate. Record their contributions on a poster titled “We are thankful for…”

Explore: The Thanksgiving meal

Explain that the Wampanoag people and Pilgrims shared food at a gathering now commonly associated with the first Thanksgiving. The Wampanoag had lived in the area now known as Massachusetts for thousands of years before the Pilgrims arrived. The Pilgrims struggled to find enough food, and the Wampanoag helped them learn to grow and prepare it.

Read “Cooking Pilgrim-style” aloud, pausing to discuss Indigenous foods, including corn, squash, and beans. Ask:

  • Why do you think it was important to be grateful for this help?
  • Do people still eat any of these foods on Thanksgiving today?
  • Which of these foods would you want to try?
Demonstrate: Class conversation

Review foods described in the lesson, including deer, turkey, fish, maple syrup, and corn. Discuss:

  • What foods do you eat at Thanksgiving or on special days?
  • Besides food, how can people show they are thankful or grateful?
Inquiry station: Writing about thankfulness

Have students draw and write simple words or sentences about something they're thankful for, such as a person, an object, or a food. Offer gratitude-themed word cards or picture dictionaries for vocabulary support.

Display completed drawings and messages around the room.

Vocabulary
  • Thankful or grateful: This means saying thank you or showing you're happy about the good things in your life, like your family, your friends, your school, or even your favorite toy or food.
  • Thanksgiving: A special day in November when many families in the United States come together to share a meal and give thanks for the good things in their lives.

Explore colonial life in the English colonies

Thanksgiving lessons often focus on the Pilgrims, but life in the English colonies varied considerably by region. Use this text set to help students compare settlement patterns, religious beliefs, and daily life in New England, the Middle Colonies, and the Southern colonies.

Newsela Social Studies text set

The English Colonies

Open the full text set, or browse the readings by topic below. The collection covers regional differences among the English colonies, religious life, and other aspects of colonial history.

Settlement and colonial regions 7 resources
Settlement and colonial regions resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Settlement: The Origins and Legacy of the Pennsylvania Quakers Explainer 540L–1450L Yes
Early British colonies in America Explainer 550L–1140L Yes
They Sailed on the Mayflower and Struggled to Build a Home: the Pilgrims Explainer 430L–1350L Yes
Primary Sources: John White Searches for the Lost Colonists of Roanoke Report 580L–1610L Yes
The Middle Colonies, between New England and the South Explainer 610L–1280L Yes
17th-century English settlers in Southern colonies had little to be thankful for Explainer 580L–1270L Yes
Common characteristics of the New England colonies Explainer 520L–1280L Yes

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Religious life and movements 2 resources
Religious life and movements resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Puritan Life and Dissent in Colonial New England Explainer 550L–1220L Yes
The Great Awakening: A religious revival in the American colonies Explainer 540L–1120L Yes

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Colonial society and its legacy 4 resources
Colonial society and its legacy resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Enslavement in the New England colonies Explainer 600L–1370L Yes
Slave ship artifacts loaned to National African American History Museum Article 710L–1330L
United Nations unveils slavery memorial Article 720L–1420L Yes
How slavery became the economic engine of the South Explainer 460L–1190L Yes

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Discover what life was like in early settlements in North America

The Pilgrims’ arrival is one part of a much larger story about European settlement in North America. Use this text set to help students compare why different colonies formed, how they developed, and how settlers interacted with Indigenous communities.

Newsela Social Studies text set

Early Settlements

Open the full text set or choose readings below to examine the reasons for early European settlements in North America, relationships with Native peoples, and the development of colonial communities and institutions.

Early European settlements 7 resources
Early European settlements resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
First European contacts in North Carolina Explainer 580L–1210L
They Sailed on the Mayflower and Struggled to Build a Home: the Pilgrims Explainer 430L–1350L Yes
Early British colonies in America Explainer 550L–1140L Yes
Settlement: The Origins and Legacy of the Pennsylvania Quakers Explainer 540L–1450L Yes
Settlement: Jamestown and the founding of English America Explainer 580L–1470L Yes
The first European settlements in the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia Explainer 550L–1300L
New France Made its Mark in America, from Explorers to Fur Traders to War Explainer 560L–1310L Yes

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Relationships and self-government 3 resources
Relationships and self-government resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
The Colonia Virginia frontier and Native American diplomacy Explainer 580L–1190L Yes
The New England colonies and Native Americans Explainer 560L–1390L Yes
Self-government in the New World: the Mayflower Compact Explainer 540L–1210L Yes

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Colonial communities and daily life 4 resources
Colonial communities and daily life resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Enslavement in the New England colonies Explainer 600L–1370L Yes
The indispensable role of women at Jamestown settlement Explainer 540L–1240L Yes
Puritan Life and Dissent in Colonial New England Explainer 550L–1220L Yes
Muslims of early America Explainer 440L–1220L

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How do Indigenous communities practice stewardship?

The Wampanoag people understood how to grow and gather food in their homeland long before the Pilgrims arrived. When they shared some of that knowledge with the English settlers, it helped the newcomers survive and shaped the history behind the gathering often called the first Thanksgiving. 

That knowledge came from generations of caring for the land and its resources. Use this text set to help students explore how Indigenous communities continue protecting traditional foods, forests, and wildlife today.

Indigenous stewardship today

Use Indigenous Endeavors: Stewardship to examine what Indigenous communities care for, how they care for it, and what they hope to achieve. For related lessons, explore the Indigenous Endeavors Collection.

Lesson goal Identify how Indigenous communities practice stewardship, explain why their work matters, and propose a way to support it.
Introduce stewardship

Explain that stewardship means managing or taking care of something, such as a natural or cultural resource. Invite students to think about why people might take responsibility for protecting a resource.

Read and annotate

Have students choose one or two articles from the text set below. As they read, highlight:

  • In one color, what Indigenous people are stewarding.
  • In a second color, how they are stewarding it.
  • In a third color, what they are trying to achieve through their stewardship.
Food and cultural traditions 4 resources
Food and cultural traditions resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Navajo researcher is restoring Indigenous peaches to the Southwest Article 580L–1280L
Native American seeds being reunited with their tribes Article 560L–1350L
Native Americans embracing “decolonized diet” to fight diabetes Article 720L–1150L
Reviving Navajo identity, one sheep at a time Article 580L–1110L

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Land, forests, and wildlife 5 resources

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Discuss with a partner

Pair students who read different articles. Have them discuss:

  • How have Indigenous communities stewarded the things you read about?
  • Why is the stewardship you read about significant? What are they trying to achieve?
  • How can you support efforts of stewardship?
Pursuing Endeavors: Speech

Ask students to write a two-minute speech about one topic they read about. Include:

  • The methods of stewardship used by the community.
  • Why that stewardship matters and what impact it has.
  • A call to action with ways students can support Indigenous stewardship efforts.

Explore Native American cultures of the Northeast

The first Thanksgiving is just one moment in the much longer history of Indigenous peoples in the Northeast. Use this text set to introduce students to the histories, traditions, and cultural practices of different Native American communities.

Students can also explore how these communities maintain their cultural identities and advocate for their rights today. This helps extend Thanksgiving lessons beyond the Pilgrims and the events of 1621.

Newsela Social Studies text set

Native American Cultures: Northeast

Explore the full text set, or select readings by topic below. The collection centers on Native American peoples of the Northeast and includes additional perspectives from eastern North America.

Native peoples and communities 6 resources
Native peoples and communities resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Native American Cultures: The Northeast Indigenous Group Profile 600L–1200L Yes
Native American History: The Iroquois people Indigenous Group Profile 390L–970L
Meet the Mi’kmaq people of Maine Indigenous Group Profile 660L–1330L
Native American History: The Algonquian peoples Indigenous Group Profile 380L–950L
The Carolina Algonquian Indigenous Group Profile 600L–1290L
Tuscarora: Most powerful, highly developed Native American tribe in Eastern N.C. Indigenous Group Profile 610L–1370L

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History, arts, and traditions 7 resources
History, arts, and traditions resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
The original people of the Northeast Explainer 580L–1250L
Wabanaki basketmaking, arts and culture of the Northeast Article 580L–1370L
Native American History: Diversity among the tribes Explainer 380L–960L
The Great Turtle: Iroquois Origin Story Myth/Legend 430L–910L Yes
Peoples and cultures of early North America Explainer 660L–1310L Yes
The League of the Iroquois Created a United Social Order of Many Nations Explainer 620L–1510L
American Indian culture and tradition brought to life Article 590L–1280L

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Communities today 2 resources
Communities today resources
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Tribes could get more fishing, court and gambling rights in changes to landmark Maine settlement Article 600L–1600L Yes
Tribe in Virginia uses new federal status to protect its heritage Article 600L–1140L

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[Thanksgiving science lessons on food and cooking](id-sci)

Key Takeaways

  • Trace one ingredient. Follow its journey from farm to store before exploring larger food supply issues such as food waste.
  • Compare changes during cooking. Melting butter is a physical change, while browning food involves chemical reactions. Have students describe what they observe before classifying each change.
  • Choose visuals based on the task. Use simulations to investigate changes in matter and energy, and diagrams to identify plant structures or trace the digestive system.

Thanksgiving dinner brings up plenty of science questions before anyone takes a bite. Where do the ingredients come from? Why does heat change their texture? What happens to food after we eat it? Use familiar foods to explore these questions through investigations, experiments, and visuals.

Where does Thanksgiving dinner come from?

Thanksgiving dinner offers a familiar way to introduce the food supply chain. Students can trace how ingredients move from farms through processing and distribution before reaching grocery stores or restaurants.

Educator Megan Panek designed this text set for students in grades 10–12 to examine challenges facing the food system. Then, they’ll choose one issue to investigate through paired readings.

Discover where a Thanksgiving meal comes from

Use the Newsela food supply chain lesson to investigate how food reaches our tables and the challenges involved in producing and distributing it.

Guiding questions
  • Where does our food come from?
  • What are the positive and negative effects of America's complicated food supply chain?
  • What specific changes could be made to the food industry to improve our lives and the world?
Explore the supply chain

Start with the 3:02 video “The Food Supply Chain” in the Newsela lesson. Discuss its four stages:

  1. Farm: Food is grown or raised, sometimes outside the United States.
  2. Food processor: Ingredients are prepared or transformed into food products.
  3. Distribution center: Products are stored and shipped.
  4. Grocery store or restaurant: Food becomes available to consumers.
Examine food system challenges

Watch “Why do we need to change our food system?” (3:46). The video introduces four issues:

  • Malnutrition and inadequate access to nutritious food.
  • Diets high in fat, sugar, salt, and meat.
  • Pressure on natural resources.
  • Food waste.

Ask students where these issues might arise along the supply chain.

Choose a topic

Have students select one issue from the four research topics below: future of farming, food industry workers, processed food, or food waste. Expand their chosen topic to find its two articles.

Paired readings

Food supply chain articles

Each topic contains two articles. Review the reading levels and Spanish availability before assigning the pair.

Future of farming 2 articles
Future of farming articles
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
High tech down on the farm 960L–1360L
From farm to school's dining hall 540L–1060L

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Food industry workers 2 articles
Food industry workers articles
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Fast-food protesters want minimum wage increase on front burner 390L–1300L Yes
Farmers fret about getting workers under immigration plan 780L–1360L

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Processed food 2 articles
Processed food articles
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Ultra-processed foods make up far too much of America's diet, experts say 480L–1280L Yes
It's not the fast-food making US kids obese, study says 740L–1610L

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Food waste 2 articles
Food waste articles
Resource Reading Level Spanish?
Half of all U.S. food produce is wasted 610L–1350L Yes
The rise of “zero-waste” restaurants 540L–1210L Yes

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Read and annotate

Assign both articles in the chosen topic. Students should set each article to a reading level they're comfortable with. As they read:

  • Highlight each article's main idea in one color.
  • Use another color for facts or details that surprise them.
Check understanding

Have students complete both article quizzes and both Write prompts in Newsela.

What chemical and physical changes happen during cooking?

Cooking can cause physical changes, such as melting or altering shape. It can also cause chemical changes, like browning or the formation of new substances. Use this text set to explore heat, pressure, and changes in matter to consider how food changes throughout the cooking or baking process.

Uncover the science behind cooking

Use the Newsela cooking science lesson to explore how heat, pressure, energy, and changes in matter help explain everyday cooking.

Compelling question How can cooking be considered science?
Watch and predict

Watch the slow-motion video of a popcorn kernel popping (2:17). Ask students:

  • What do you observe or notice in the video?
  • How do you predict a corn kernel pops? What scientific processes might be occurring?
Read and annotate

Read “The science of cooking offers lessons bursting with flavor.” Have students:

  • Highlight scientific vocabulary in one color.
  • Use a second color to highlight definitions or explanations of each term.
Create a science comic

Have students create a comic strip explaining either how a popcorn kernel pops or why cutting an onion makes eyes water. In each panel, students should sketch what happens and add explanatory labels.

Students can draw their own panels or use the Write a Comic worksheet.

Reflect and connect

On the back of the comic, students list ways cooking and science are similar. Ask them to support their explanations with information from the article.

How does the digestive system process food?

The digestive system moves food through the body, breaks it down, and absorbs nutrients. In this lesson, students can explore how organs, tissues, and enzymes work together after we eat to get us the fuel we need to think, work, and play.

Get to know the digestive system

Use the Newsela digestive system lesson to explore how the digestive system's cells, tissues, and organs work together to process food.

Compelling question What are the functions of the different parts of the digestive system, and how do they work together?
Notice and wonder

Give students the Notice, Wonder, Connect graphic organizer. Have them complete the first two columns while watching Path of Food Through the Digestive System.

Ask for at least three noticings and two wonderings. Give students time to finish, then invite them to discuss their observations with a partner or the class.

Read and annotate

Use the three Newsela articles to investigate organs, the movement of food, and digestive enzymes. Give students these article-specific annotation tasks:

Connect the sources

Return to the Notice, Wonder, Connect organizer. Students complete the third column by connecting details from their readings to what they observed in the digestive system video.

Draw the digestive system

Give each student a large sheet of poster board or butcher paper. Have them draw an outline of the human body or torso, then sketch and label the parts of the digestive system in their approximate locations.

Write and share

After students finish their diagrams, give them five minutes to respond to this prompt:

What would happen if one organ within the digestive system was removed? Try to use at least three different organs as examples. What do these examples teach you about how the health of the body depends on its different parts working together?

Invite students to share their responses with a partner or the class.

Try Thanksgiving food science experiments

Hands-on food experiments let students observe the science behind their food before and after it reaches the dinner table. Making butter shows how physical processes can change a food’s texture, while compositing helps students investigate how microorganisms break down organic material and recycle nutrients.

Hands-on STEM activities

Explore food science through hands-on investigations

Choose a butter-making activity to investigate changes in cream or a composting activity to explore how organic materials break down. Open an activity to review its materials and related content.

Making Butter
How it works

Use simple supplies and some arm strength to make homemade butter from heavy cream. Have students describe how the cream's appearance and texture change.

Materials list
  • 1 pint heavy whipping cream
  • 1/8 teaspoon salt
  • Mason jar with lid
  • Strainer
  • Small storage container
Sample content
  • Activity: How to make butter
  • Recipe: Homemade honey graham crackers
  • Recipe: Chocolate-dipped orange slices

Newsela activity

Ready to make butter? Open the activity and related recipes in Newsela.

Open Making Butter
Composting
How it works

Make a composting jar to investigate food waste. Green waste provides mostly nitrogen-based materials, while brown waste provides mostly carbon-based materials. With air and moisture, microbes break down the organic matter over time into nutrient-rich material that can support plant growth.

Materials list
  • Compost container, such as a large mason jar or wide-mouth clear container
  • 1–3 cups soil
  • 1 cup “green waste”
  • 3 cups “brown waste”
  • 1 cup water (rainwater can be used)
Sample content
  • Activity: Make your own compost
  • What you can do to improve soils
  • The world wastes roughly a sixth of the food produced each year

Newsela activity

Ready to start composting? Open the activity and related resources in Newsela.

Open Composting

Generation Genius science videos for Thanksgiving food lessons

Generation Genius science videos help students connect Thanksgiving foods to concepts like heat transfer, physical and chemical changes, plant growth, and how the body uses food for energy. Choose a video that matches their grade band, then use a familiar food or cooking process to make the science connection concrete.

Science video resources

Generation Genius science videos by grade band

Open a grade band to find videos that connect food and cooking to science concepts. Use each connection to introduce a discussion or follow up after viewing.

Grades K–2 4 videos
Generation Genius science videos for grades K–2
Video Grade Band Runtime Thanksgiving food connection
Heating and Cooling K–2 10:42 Ask students what changes when food is heated or cooled during preparation and serving.
Parts of a Plant K–2 10:59 Use corn, squash, beans, and cranberries to identify which plant parts people eat.
Plant Growth Conditions K–2 12:31 Trace familiar foods back to the conditions plants need to grow.
Pollination and Seed Dispersal K–2 11:08 Explore how flowering plants and pollination help produce foods served at Thanksgiving.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

Grades 3–5 2 videos
Generation Genius science videos for grades 3–5
Video Grade Band Runtime Thanksgiving food connection
Chemical vs. Physical Changes 3–5 15:00 Have students classify changes to ingredients during chopping, mixing, melting, baking, and cooking as physical or chemical changes.
How Do We Use Food 3–5 12:52 Discuss how food provides energy and nutrients for the body.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

Grades 6–8 4 videos
Generation Genius science videos for grades 6–8
Video Grade Band Runtime Thanksgiving food connection
Chemical Reactions 6–8 12:34 Connect browning and baking to chemical reactions during cooking.
Heat: Transfer of Thermal Energy 6–8 15:06 Examine how ovens, pans, and boiling water transfer thermal energy to food.
Intro to Thermal Energy 6–8 15:20 Use temperature and particle motion to explain why foods heat up.
Photosynthesis & Respiration 6–8 16:58 Trace the energy in plant-based foods back to photosynthesis.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

More science videos

Looking for another topic? Browse the full Generation Genius Science collection in Newsela.

Explore the science videos

PhET simulations for Thanksgiving food science

PhET simulations let students investigate how matter changes when heated or cooled and how energy moves between objects. After exploring a simulation, students can connect what they observe to familiar cooking processes, such as melting butter, boiling water, or warming food in an oven.

Interactive STEM resources

PhET simulations for food science

Simulation Connection to Thanksgiving cooking
States of Matter: Basics Connect heating and cooling to familiar changes during food preparation, such as melting, freezing, and boiling.
States of Matter Extend the same food-science investigation with a more advanced states-of-matter model.
Energy Forms and Changes Explore thermal energy and energy transfer, then connect the model to cooking and heating food.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

More interactive science

Want to explore another concept? Browse PhET simulations in Newsela.

Explore PhET simulations

How can science diagrams support Thanksgiving STEM lessons?

Science diagrams help students visualize the processes behind getting familiar foods to the Thanksgiving table. From changes in matter during cooking to the way plants grow, pair a diagram with a Thanksgiving food example, then ask students to explain the scientific connection using details from the visual.

Science diagram resources

Science diagrams for Thanksgiving food lessons

Open a topic to choose diagrams for a food science lesson, investigation, or discussion.

Matter and energy 5 diagrams
Matter and energy science diagrams
Diagram Grade Level Thanksgiving food connection
Physical and chemical changes 4–12 Use it with a cooking investigation to classify chopping, melting, and mixing alongside browning and baking.
Examples of chemical reactions 4–12 Help students explain how some cooking processes create new substances instead of only changing shape or temperature.
The states of matter 4–12 Support observations of solids, liquids, melting, boiling, and cooling during food preparation.
Energy transformations 4–5 Trace how energy changes form during cooking and in kitchen appliances.
The two types of mixtures 2–5 Possible extension: Connect mixtures to food preparation with a deliberately planned classroom activity.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

Plants and food sources 4 diagrams
Plants and food sources science diagrams
Diagram Grade Level Thanksgiving food connection
The parts of a flowering plant 2–5 Connect edible plant foods to roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds.
The process of pollination 4–8 Explore how pollination makes many food crops possible.
The process of photosynthesis 4–8 Trace the energy in plant-based foods back to sunlight.
What does a plant need? 2–5 Connect familiar foods to the conditions plants need to grow.

Scroll left to right to see the full table.

More visual science resources

Need another diagram? Explore the Science Diagrams collection in Newsela.

Explore science diagrams

Keep teaching beyond Thanksgiving with Newsela Learning Suite

Thanksgiving activities can open the door to deeper learning about history, culture, literature, and science. With Newsela Learning Suite, you can bring that same curiosity into lessons all year long with news articles, primary sources, literature selections, interactive videos, and more.

Not using Newsela yet? Sign up for free and start your 45-day trial to explore premium content and activities for Thanksgiving and beyond.

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